Four Characteristics Of A State

Essay on the Four Elements or Characteristics of the State

Article shared by

Four Elements or Characteristics of the Country are every bit folllows: 1. Population, two. Territory (Physical basis of the State), 3. Regime, 4. Sovereignty

1. Population:

The primary requirement for the existence of the State is population. The Country, being a human being institution, cannot be conceived of without people. Only how many people should constitute the State? The question is only of theoretical interests, though some political philosophers take tried to lay downward some standard rules as to the number of people required to form a State.

Plato said that an platonic State should have 5,000 citizens. Rousseau opined that an ideal State should accept a population x,000. He thought that a minor Country is proportionately stronger than a big ane."

Aristotle avoided this mathematical precision and said that the population of a Land should be neither too small nor also big. Today, there are States with population varying from a few thousands, every bit in Monaco, to nearly hundred crores as in China. Hence it is impossible to have a fixed breakthrough of population.

Characteristics

Image Source: leadguideinspire.weebly.com

ii. Territory:

The State cannot be formed without a definite and fixed territory. Nomads or wandering tribes who accept no permanent residence practice not grade a Country. Fifty-fifty civilized people like the Jews did non posses a State till the formation of Israel in 1948. They were scattered all over the world.

Every bit in the case of population, no limit is fixed for the territory of a Land. There is no hard and fast rule regarding the size of population or territory. The modern States differ considerably in their sizes.

For instance San Marino has an area of nigh 50-l square kilometers simply, while Bharat has a territory measuring nigh three.28 million square kilometers. In mod age, territory too includes water, river, sea, forest, mountain and air. The modern tendency is in gene of big Land.

three . Regime :

Government is said to be the brain of the State. For the being of the State, government is indispensable and vital. Nosotros cannot institute the Land in the absence of the government. Government is the political organization through which the general will of the people is formulated, expressed and executed.

As a matter of fact, the State operates through the governmental agency. According to Garner, government is "the agency or machinery through which common policies are determined and by which common affairs are regulated and common interests promoted."

It is the agency through which society is politically organised. In the absence of the authorities, there will be anarchy. The government functions through its 3 organs, i.e., the legislature, the executive and the judiciary. The executive rules over the country and executes .the laws. The legislature makes the laws.

No particular type of government can be considered essential. Information technology varies in kind and complexity from the State to the State. Democracy is pop in Bharat, Nihon, England, America, Canada, and France. The dictatorship of the Communist Party is found in China and Cuba. Monarchy is establish in Nepal. Government may be classified as parliamentary or presidential and unitary or federal.

iv. Sovereignty :

The concluding essential constituent of the State is sovereignty which is regarded as the life and soul of the State. At that place can be no State without sovereignty. The term sovereignty has been derived from the Latin give-and-take "Superanus" which means "Supreme". Sovereignty, therefore, is the supreme power.

It is this power which differentiates the State from all other associations. The Land should be supreme in the internal and external matters. Sovereignty of the State is expressed through the regime which rules supreme in internal and external spheres. Viewed internally, it ways that the State is legally contained of strange domination.

According to Professor Willoughby, the necessity of the essential elements other than the four dealt in a higher place, depends upon the people. If the people are not willing to obey the commands of the Land, it cannot become a State, although it has all the 4 essential characteristics. Every Country must have its population, a fixed territory, a duly established regime and its sovereignty. In the absence of whatever of these characteristics, it fails to merits the condition of the Statehood.